The Sampu is a passenger icebreaker that is docked in Kemi, an important seaport city in the Finnish Lapland administrative region. It specializes in tourist cruises. As of 2013, the Sampu, as Finland's most distinctive "excellent tourism product", has received nearly 200,000 tourists from more than 50 countries around the world. The Sampu cruise starts from the port of Ajos in Kemi and the entire voyage takes about 4 hours. The operation time of the Sampu icebreaker tourist cruise is roughly from mid-December to early May of the following year.
Every winter from December to May of the following year, a layer of sea ice several feet thick will form in the northern part of the Gulf of Bothnia, located on the west side of Finland. According to the historical meteorological records of the Finnish Meteorological Institute [2], the average ice period at the port of Ajos in Kemi is 177 days per year; and in the past 20 years, despite the challenge of global warming, the annual ice period at the port of Ajos has remained between 140 and 196 days.
Facing the frozen ocean, icebreakers have become an indispensable means of transportation. The "Sampo" icebreaker has been sailing on the ice sea of the Gulf of Bothnia since 1961. In 1987, the Sampo became the world's first professional icebreaker dedicated to tourist cruises.