Yungang Grottoes, formerly known as Lingyan Temple and Shifo Temple, are located at the southern foot of Wuzhou Mountain, 17 kilometers west of Datong City, Shanxi Province. It is one of the famous grottoes in China. The excavation of Yungang Grottoes began in the Northern Wei Dynasty. In the third year of the Northern Wei Dynasty (398), Emperor Daowu Tuoba Gui moved the capital from Shengle (now Horqin County) to Pingcheng (now Datong City), and Wuzhou Mountain became the transportation hub between Shengle and Pingcheng. After Emperor Wencheng Tuoba Jun ascended the throne, he ordered the monk leader Tan Yao to preside over the restoration of Buddhism. With the support of Emperor Wencheng, Tan Yao chose the beautiful Wuzhou Mountain, "carved the mountain stone wall, opened five caves, and engraved one Buddha statue each, the tallest of which was 70 feet and the second was 60 feet, with magnificent carvings, the best in the world."