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The Seoul-Eosan axis is the main transportation artery in South Korea. Due to severe congestion on the Gyeongnam Expressway and Korea's Gyeongnam Line in the late 1970s, the government began to look for new forms of transportation. A study by France and Japan between 1972 and 1974 proposed a plan to build a second Seoul-Busan railway. Between 1978 and 1981, the Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology conducted a more detailed study, proposing to centralize freight demand and decentralizing long-distance passenger transport to high-speed rail, which was accepted in the next Korean Five-Year Plan.The current high-speed rail sections of Gyeongbu Line, Honam Line and Gyeongui Line were opened on March 31, 2004, and their construction took 12 years. Among them, the section of the Gyeongbu Line from Seoul to Daegu uses high-speed wheel rails, and the journey time from Seoul to Busan is shortened from 260 minutes to 160 minutes. It is expected that in 2008, after the entire Gyeongbu Line is switched to high-speed wheel rails, the journey time will be reduced to 118 minutes.During the planning stage of the high-speed rail system, it was called the "Gyeongbu High-Speed ​​Rail" and was later renamed KTX.

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South Korea's KTX high-speed train, one-way general seating from Seoul to Busan, trains after 19:00