The Spiritual and Cultural Value of the Potala Palace
The Potala Palace is located on Marpori Mountain in Lhasa. The mountain is called Red Mountain because of the red color of its rock and soil. The Potala Palace covers an area of 400,000 square meters, with a building area of 130,000 square meters. Standing 115 meters tall, it boasts 13 floors, over 2,000 rooms, and 34 large Buddhist halls. It consists of four main areas: the Snow City, the White Palace, the Red Palace, and Dragon King Pond Park (the Palace's back garden. Tsangyang Gyatso once described it as follows: "The willows have not been cut down, nor the thrushes startled away. The exquisite Zongjiao Lukang certainly has the right to behold the excitement.")
The Potala Palace is not a cold building; it is a living epic, a miracle woven through the interplay of material, spiritual, and cultural forces across time and space.
We should understand and appreciate the Potala Palace through a philosophical perspective that combines "looking up to the stars" with "keeping our feet on the ground," and a cognitive pursuit that sees the essence through phenomena. I will attempt to use this as a mirror to comment on the Potala Palace from my perspective, hoping to deepen your understanding of it.
1. The Ultimate "Gazing at the Stars": A Spiritual Beacon and Monument of Faith
From the perspective of "gazing at the stars," the Potala Palace is the physical embodiment of humanity's ultimate pursuit of lofty ideals and the spiritual world.
It transcends architecture itself: it is not a place for "residence," but a place for "pilgrimage." For Tibetan Buddhists, it serves as a model of the center of the universe and a symbol of the mortal realm of Avalokitesvara. This sacredness has, from the outset, transcended the mundane concept of a palace, transforming it into a monument embodying the devout faith of countless people.
It is the ultimate embodiment of "seeing a mountain is still a mountain": for believers, the Potala Palace is "the mountain," an intuitive and unquestionable abode of faith. This reverence and worship stems not from blind obedience but from a pure and unwavering spiritual return achieved through generations of cultural inheritance and inner enlightenment. Standing there, it embodies a powerful spiritual energy field, soothing the soul and guiding its direction.
2. A Down-to-Earth Miracle: The Crystallization of Wisdom and Ingenuity
From a down-to-earth perspective, the Potala Palace's greatness lies in its unparalleled practical foundation.
Unparalleled Engineering: Using the technological capabilities of over 1,300 years ago, the construction of this magnificent, sturdy, and fully functional palace complex, built against the mountainside at an altitude of over 3,700 meters, is itself a remarkable achievement in scientific endeavor. It embodies the ancient Tibetan people's profound understanding and masterful application of geography, geology, materials science, and structural mechanics, and stands as an enduring example of dedication.
Deep Cultivation of Art and Culture: Every mural, every Buddha statue, and every scripture within the palace is the product of the down-to-earth dedication of countless craftsmen. They dedicated their entire lives to cultivating their own artistic niche, crystallizing religious teachings, historical stories, and cultural essence in exquisitely aesthetic forms, forming a vast and profound cultural treasure trove. This is no mere decoration, but rather the historical memory and cultural bloodline of a nation.
3. "Seeing the Mountain as Not a Mountain": The Complexity and Multifaceted Nature of Historical Layers
As the "Three Mountains Theory" describes, our understanding of the Potala Palace must go beyond the surface.
It is more than just a religious sanctuary: it was once the political center of Tibet's theocratic integration and the winter residence of successive Dalai Lamas. This means it has witnessed the transition of power, historical disputes, and the fusion and collision of cultures. Within its walls, echoes not only the sound of chanting but also the tumult of history and the political maneuvering. Understanding this, we can understand why it is so unique and irreplaceable—it is the ultimate symbol of the union of divine and royal authority. It is a living cultural museum: Today, we revere and venerate not only its religious significance but also the shared wisdom, tenacity, and artistic achievement of humanity represented by its status as a World Cultural Heritage. We are beginning to see the mountain as more than just a mountain, recognizing its multifaceted role as a witness to history and a bearer of culture, and appreciating its universal value as a complex of architecture, art, and history.
Overall:
The Potala Palace's revered status stems from its successful integration of the divine brilliance of "looking up to the stars" with the down-to-earth wisdom of "keeping one's feet on the ground." It represents both a lofty aspiration to the afterlife and a solid grounding in the spirit of craftsmanship in this world.
It reminds us that the greatest achievements all begin with lofty ideals (looking up to the stars) and culminate in ultimate practice (keeping one's feet on the ground). Thousands of years later, people at all stages of their cognitive development can see its beauty and power in a way that suits their own understanding.
I hope that these perspectives will enrich your image of the Potala Palace.