Siena|700 Years of Artistic Treasures, All Hidden in This Museum
If the grandeur of Siena Cathedral (Duomo di Siena) leaves you in awe, then the adjacent Cathedral Museum (Museo dell’Opera del Duomo) is the true hidden treasure trove of art.
Here, many precious original works removed from the cathedral are collected, featuring masterpieces by great artists such as Duccio, Donatello, and Giovanni Pisano, as well as powerful religious relics. Even more importantly, after your visit, you can climb the Facciatone to overlook the entire city of Siena and the rolling hills of Tuscany—definitely worth setting aside ample time.
🎨 Must-See Masterpieces
✨ Duccio’s "Maestà"
The most stunning piece in the gallery is the unparalleled masterpiece by Duccio, the master of the Sienese School.
The front depicts the Madonna and Child crowned in glory with saints (top cover image), while the back delicately narrates the Passion of Christ through dozens of scenes (bottom cover image). The gold leaf background shines softly in the light, serene and solemn, representing the pinnacle of medieval painting.
👁️ The Original Rose Window from 700 Years Ago
The famous colorful rose window in the center of the cathedral was also created by Duccio.
Inside the cathedral, you can only admire it from afar, but in the museum, you can appreciate the color and detail of each piece of glass up close. When sunlight filters through the red, blue, and gold stained glass, it feels as if the light from 700 years ago is shining before your eyes again.
🗿 Giovanni Pisano’s Sculptural Group
These lively and sharply contoured statues of prophets and saints originally stood on the cathedral’s exterior facade.
Giovanni Pisano gave astonishing life to the cold marble; each statue is full of dramatic tension, as if it might speak at any moment.
🐺 Siena’s City Emblem—The She-Wolf and Twins
The "Lupa Senese" (She-Wolf Nursing Twins) is Siena’s most iconic city symbol, visible throughout the city.
According to local legend, Siena was founded by Aschius and Senius, sons of Romulus, the founder of Rome. Thus, the she-wolf nursing the twins became a spiritual totem passed down through generations in this city.
🕊️ Donatello’s Gentle Relief
The circular marble relief "Madonna of Forgiveness" was created by Renaissance sculptor Donatello.
The expressions of the Madonna and Child are gentle and restrained, with delicate, flowing drapery and soft features that perfectly embody the humanistic spirit of the Renaissance.
💀 The Mysterious Ritual Under Golden Light: The Reliquary of a Saint’s Skull
Besides the well-known masterpieces, the gallery also houses a striking exhibit.
The golden reliquary, adorned with exquisite gold and silver craftsmanship and crystal decorations, quietly holds the skull of a saint.
This is a unique medieval Catholic relic worship practice: the saint’s bones are enshrined in a carefully crafted reliquary, serving as an important medium for believers to pray for miracles and protection.
Standing before it, you see not only superb goldsmith artistry but also feel the era’s understanding of faith, death, and eternal life. The dazzling gold alongside the white bones creates a powerful visual contrast, becoming the most profound symbol of Siena’s religious culture.
🧱 Hidden Route: Climb the Facciatone
After visiting the museum, don’t miss climbing the narrow spiral staircase up to the Facciatone (entrance shown in photo 19).
In the 14th century, Siena planned to expand the cathedral to become the largest in Europe. However, the Black Death halted construction, leaving only this unfinished massive facade.
Today, it has become Siena’s most iconic viewing platform.
From this height, you can see the entire Piazza del Campo, the Torre del Mangia, the red-tiled roofs, and the rolling Tuscan hills. It’s one of the best spots to enjoy a panoramic view of Siena.
💡 Practical Tips
🎫 Tickets: It’s recommended to buy the Opa Si Pass, which includes the cathedral, library, baptistery, crypt, and cathedral museum, offering the best value.
📷 Photo Spots: Duccio’s rose window, the sculpture gallery, and the Facciatone archway are all excellent locations for capturing vintage artistic photos.