Tianyi Pavilion is the oldest existing private library in China and the oldest existing library in Asia. It is considered one of the world's three major family-owned libraries, along with two ancient libraries in Italy. Built during the Jiajing period of the Ming Dynasty by Fan Qin after he resigned from his official post, its name is derived from the I Ching: "Heaven generates water, earth completes it," symbolizing the use of water to overcome fire and protect ancient books. Now a 5A scenic spot and a national key cultural relics protection unit, it encompasses not only a library but also a Jiangnan-style garden, an ancient stage, a stele forest, and special exhibition halls, covering a total area of approximately 26,000 square meters and housing nearly 300,000 volumes of ancient books.
**Reminder:** Closed Monday mornings, open Monday afternoons at 1:30 PM. Those born after 2000 can visit.
✅ Must-see highlights:
Baoshulou (Treasured Library): The main building, cleverly designed for fire prevention, moisture control, and insect prevention. Most of the original ancient books are preserved in temperature-controlled warehouses. View reconstructed scenes inside.
Shidamao (East Garden Stone Tiger): Stone tiger from a Yuan and Ming dynasty tomb. The craftsman imagined the tiger, and the finished product resembles a fat cat – a popular photo spot.
Qin Clan Ancestral Hall Stage: A national-level masterpiece of wood carving, with exquisite craftsmanship.
Mingzhou Stele Forest: Steles from the Tang, Song, and Qing dynasties.
Nanyuan (South Garden): A quiet classical Jiangnan garden with ponds and rockeries – less crowded and great for photos.
Tour duration: 2 hours. Parking is available; you can navigate to its basement. 😎