The Rome of Portugal—Braga
There is a saying in Portugal: "Porto works, Lisbon spends, Braga prays." There is even another version: "After God is done, He also quietly vacations in Braga." This is because Braga has so many churches and frequent religious activities that it is jokingly called "God's holiday resort." At its peak, Braga had about 150 to 200 churches, chapels, and monasteries, and even today, there are still about 82 churches.
About 5 kilometers from Braga city center is the Sanctuary of Bom Jesus do Monte, Portugal's most famous pilgrimage site, known for its spectacular Baroque stairway, elegant Neoclassical church, and natural scenery. It was inscribed as a UNESCO World Cultural Heritage site in 2019. It is located on a forest-covered hillside at an altitude of about 116 meters. From the foot of the hill to the top of the church, you need to climb the famous 577 steps.
The Baroque stairway is the soul of the entire sanctuary. It is divided into three main parts, each with symbolic meaning: The first part is the Sacred Mountain stairway, a wide and winding path symbolizing the road to approaching divinity. The second part, the Five Senses stairway, is the most famous section, with five fountains representing sight, hearing, smell, taste, and touch. The sculptures around the fountains depict symbolic images of these senses. The third part is the Theological Virtues stairway, symbolizing the three theological virtues of faith, hope, and charity. Bom Jesus do Monte is not only an architectural masterpiece but also a spiritual journey.
Because Braga was an important city of the Roman Empire in ancient times, served as the center of the Portuguese church from the Middle Ages to modern times, and had the most churches and strongest religious influence in the country, it is known as the "Rome of Portugal."